Bugs

 

General

  • Stinging-sucking insects belonging to the order of Hemiptera, to the suborder of Heteroptera, to the families of Miridae, Pentatomidae, Coreoidea, etc.
  • Several species * affect nightshades, causing often unhealthy symptoms on leaves and fruits mainly. ( Lygocoris pabulinus Linnaeus, Lygus spp., Nesidiocoris tenuis , Nezara viridula , Dysdercus flavidus and D.  fasciatus , Leptoglossus gonagra , Anoplecnemis spp ., Etc.)
  • Observed in the open field and under shelters.

* It should be remembered that bugs could be vectors of bacteria and yeasts presumed to be responsible for deterioration, or even rotting, on fruits once introduced into them.

  • Organs attacked : leaves, fruits, stems.  
  • Symptoms :
    • Wilting leaves from the apex.
    • Blisters on stems.
    • Tiny punctiform spots (figure) on young fruits around which the coloration of the underlying tissues is lighter than the rest.
    • Wider, white to dark yellow spots on ripe fruits (figures).
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  • Signs  : Presence of larvae and adults on the affected organs (figures).
  • Possible confusion :

Biology

  • Development cycle (figure 9): N. viridula  goes through several stages: egg, 5 larval stages, adult. The duration of its cycle (figure 4) varies depending on the temperature, from approximately 3 weeks at 30 ° C to 2 months at 20 ° C`.
    • Eggs, off-white, in the shape of small kegs grouped together in honeycombs on the underside of the leaves.
    • Once the eggs have hatched, dark red to black larvae (Figures 12-14) with white spots gradually disperse on the plants. Five larval stages follow one another, from the neonate larva, which is barely 1 mm long, to the 1 cm long old larva (Figure 4-3), the last instar before the adult.
    • Adults (Figure 15) measuring 1.2-1.6 cm long by 0.8 cm wide. Light green in summer and they take on a purplish brown hue in fall and winter. Equipped with 2 pairs of wings, the first pair, called "hemelytron", is thick and sclerotized in its upper part.
  • Bug parasitizing many plants such as soybeans, rice, various vegetables (eggplant, cucumber, tomato, pepper, beans), as well as weeds which ensure its multiplication and serve as sources of infestation.
  • Dispersion : Mobile larvae and flying adults ensure the dissemination of these insects.
  • The limitation of the use of broad-spectrum insecticides, following the development of integrated protection, seems to have contributed to the emergence of these bugs under shelter.

Protection

  • Weed the greenhouse and its surroundings.
  • Produce the plants in an shelter insect-proof .
  • Install canvases insect-proof at shelter openings.
  • Check the sanitary quality of the plants before and during their introduction into the shelter.
  • Favor natural enemies in field crops or under open shelters.
  • Use auxiliaries.
  • Reason for  chemical protection, in particular if you use auxiliaries.
Last change : 10/14/21
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Figure 1
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Figure 2
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Figure 3
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Figure 4
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Figure 5