Description of fungi

The family Botryosphaeriaceae * is currently made up of at least ten genera and 21 species, the anamorphs of which are divided into 7 fungal genera, are considered to be pathogenic on vines (see the list at the end of the page).
The genus Botryosphaeria was created in 1863; it is originally based on the description of the reference species Botryosphaeria dothidea , and at least 18 species have been described in this genus. Recently, the phylogeny of these species has been reviewed using molecular methods based on the study of several genes (elongation factor, large and small ribosomal subunits, ITS, Beta-tubulin).

• The mycelium of this fungal family is generally white and then becomes pigmented gray-brown to black over time (Figures 1 and 2).
• The sexual (teleomorphic) form of these fungi is very rarely encountered in nature. FIG. 3 shows the appearance that the sexual form of can have, for example Botryosphaeria parva . The ascospores produced by asci contained in perithecia are hyaline and aseptic at first, they will turn slightly brown, eventually becoming partitioned with age.
• The asexual (anamorphic) form is materialized by the easy formation of pycnidia . These produce conidia hyaline (pycniospores) for some species, melanizing for others, turning brown with age (Figures 4 to 6).

* Téléomorphe - [anamorphe]

• Botryosphaeria dothidea   (Moug.) Ces. & De Not. 1863 - [ Fusicoccum aesculi  Corda 1829]
• " Botryosphaeria" corticola - [ Diplodia corticola  A. J. L. Phillips, A. Alves & J. Luque 2004]
• " Botryosphaeria" iberica - [ Dothiorella iberica  A.J.L. Phillips, J. Luque & A. Alves 2005]
• " Botryosphaeria " lutea  A.J.L. Phillips 2002 - [ Neofusicoccum luteum  (Pennycook & Samuels) Crous, Slippers & A.J.L. Phillips 2006]
• Botryosphaeria obtusa  (Schwein.) Shoemaker 1964 -  [ Diplodia seriata  De Not. 1842]
• " Botryosphaeria " parva Pennycook & Samuels  1985- [ Neofusicoccum parvum  (Pennycook & Samuels) Crous, Slippers & A.J.L. Phillips 2006]
• "Botryosphaeria" rhodina  Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Arx 1970, (anc.  Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat 1892) - [ Lasiodiplodia theobromae  (Pat.) Griffon & Maubl. 1909]
• Botryosphaeria stevensii  Shoemaker 1964 - [ Diplodia mutila  (Fr.) Mont. 1834]
• Phaeobotryosphaeria porosa (Van Niekerk & Crous) Crous & AJL Phillips 2008 - [ Diplodia porosa Van Niekerk & Crou]
• Spencermartinsia viticola  (A.J.L. Phillips & J. Luque) A.J.L. Phillips, A. Alves & Crous 2008 (syn. Botryosphaeria viticola subsp. nov .) - [ Dothiorella viticola A.J.L. Phillips & J. Luque 2006]
• " Botryosphaeria " australis  Slippers, Crous & M.J. Wingf. 2004 - [ Neofusicoccum australe  (Slippers, Crous & M.J. Wingf.) Crous, Slippers & A.J.L. Phillips 2006]
• Unknown - [ Dothiorella americana JR Úrbez-Torres, F. Peduto & WD Gubler 2012]
• Unknown - [ Lasiodiplodia crassispora T. Burgess & Barber 2006]
• Unknown - [ Lasiodiplodia missouriana JR Úrbez-Torres, F. Peduto & WD Gubler 2012]
• Inconnue - [ Neofusicoccum luteum  (Pennycook & Samuels) Crous, Slippers & A.J.L. Phillips 2006]
• Inconnue - [ Neofusicoccum macroclavatum  (T.I. Burgess, Barber & Hardy) T.I. Burgess, Barber & Hardy 2006]
• Unknown - [ Neofusicoccum mediterraneum Crous, MJ Wingf. & AJL Phillips 2007]
• Inconnue - [ Neofusicoccum ribis  (Slippers, Crous & M.J. Wingf.) Crous, Slippers & A.J.L. Phillips 2006]
• Unknown - [ Neofusicoccum viticlavatum (Van Niekerk & Crous) Crous, Slippers & AJL Phillips 2006]
• Unknown - [ Neofusicoccum vitifusiforme (Van Niekerk & Crous) Crous, Slippers & AJL Phillips 2006]