Glossary 
 

haploid : having a single complete set of chromosomes per nucleus

haustorium (pl. haustoria): specialised hyphal branch that penetrates a host cell wall, but not the cell membrane, and extracts nutrients

hermaphrodite : an individual with both male and female sex organs

heterothallic : pertaining to species of fungi in which male and female gametes (sex cells) are formed in separated mycelia

homothallic :pertaining to species of fungi in which male and female gametes are formed in the same mycelium

alternative host : a plant other than the main host that a parasite can colonise

hyalin : transparent or nearly so ; translucent ; colourless

hybrid : sexually produced offspring of parents that differ genetically

hypha (pl. hyphae) : tubular filament of a fungal thallus or mycelium

immune : a plant incapable of being infected by a given pathogen

incubation : the time between penetration of a host by a pathogen and the appearance of symptoms

infection : process of a pathogen  entering and growing in a plant

inoculum (pl. inocula) : a pathogen or its parts, capable of infecting a plant

inoculum primaire : inoculum that initiates the disease

inoculum secondaire : inoculum that ensures the disease progression

isolate : pure culture of a micro-organism  separated from its natural origin (obtained without a specific cloning)