Examples

Use of Bacillus thuringiensis to control caterpillars of tomato and cabbage in Réunion

• Active ingredient: Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki and var. aizawai.
• Effects on caterpillars: destruction of intestinal epithelial cells.
• Possible uses: in conventional and organic agriculture.
• Storage of the product: out of direct sunlight, at a temperature below 25°C and at a humidity below 70%.
• Method of application: spraying must be homogeneous on the vegetation.
• Recommendations for use: alternate the two strains to avoid resistance phenomena. Studies have shown toxicity of the kurstaki strain to bees and trichogramma.
• Associated regulations: authorized doses = from 0.50 to 1 kg/ha depending on the crop and the strain, time for re-entry into the crop = 24 hours, no time before harvest.

Use of sweet orange essential oil as an insecticide and fungicide in greenhouse and open field market gardening in Reunion

• Target bioaggressors: insects with a soft body or a sufficiently fine cuticle such as whiteflies, thrips, leafhoppers and fungi such as mildew and powdery mildew. Extensions of use are in progress on mites, psyllids and mealybugs.
• Mode of action: the orange terpenes present in the essential oil destroy the phospholipids constituting the cuticle of insects and the cell walls of fungi.
• Effects on bioaggressors: the cuticle and cell walls no longer play their protective role and break. Thus, insects and fungi become dehydrated and die.
• uses : in conventional and organic agriculture.
• Product storage: in the original sealed packaging under standard conditions. If the bottle is opened, close it tightly and use within 6 months.
• Method of application: spray evenly and on dry foliage in order to preserve the drying power of the mixture.
• Recommendations for use: avoid association with sulfur-based preparations at full doses. Combinations with a reduced dose of sulfur are possible. Apply the oil preferentially early in the season in order to break the parasitic cycles before the appearance of strong pressures.
• Associated regulations: no pre-harvest interval or maximum residue limit, authorized doses: variable according to use, untreated area (ZNT) in relation to water points, the adjacent uncultivated area and the re-entry period in culture.